Monday, June 26, 2023

Responding to the Colarusso Decision

On Thursday, the New York State Supreme Court Appellate Division handed down a ruling in the lawsuit brought by A. Colarusso & Sons against the City of Hudson Planning Board. That decision can be found here


Today, David Konigsberg and Donna Streitz, on behalf of Our Hudson Waterfront, sent a letter commenting on the decision to Mayor Kamal Johnson, Council president Tom DePietro and the members of the Common Council, and Planning Board chair Theresa Joyner and the members of the Hudson Planning Board, and shared the letter with Gossips. The text of that letter follows:
As Hudson citizens who support economically productive and environmentally protective development, we are greatly relieved by the ruling last week by the State Supreme Court’s Appellate Division that upholds the Planning Board’s right to approve, deny, or modify Colarusso’s plans for the waterfront. 
Hudson, its agencies and citizens, rather than a sole Greenport company, have the duty to determine how to best develop Hudson’s greatest natural asset. This means ensuring that any development preserves the integrity of our South Bay wetlands, creates jobs for our citizens and increases public waterfront access and enjoyment. All of these are threatened by Colarusso’s plan to build a high-volume, two-lane truckway and greatly increase gravel transport and loading at its dock. 
Despite claims made by the company throughout this drawn-out saga, Colarusso’s proposed roadway will neither remove most trucks from city streets nor provide economic benefits of any kind to the City of Hudson. It will, however, threaten every other productive waterfront use and development—this despite efforts over nearly four decades to de-industrialize the Waterfront District. 
Our research shows that on busy days, heavy truck traffic could more than double, increasing noise and pollution and creating new dangers at essential road and rail crossings. Alarmingly, this represents an over 2000% increase in daily average truck volume since 2015. With this volume, potentially 250 days a year, gravel truck traffic and loading would become the main feature of life on the Hudson waterfront and on the River. This would largely derail the waterfront revival now underway, hindering the growth of job-creating businesses, threatening enjoyment of waterfront parks, and increasing environmental hazards to wetlands, public amenities, and the surrounding community. 
Despite Colarusso’s claims to the contrary, the City Planning Board need not abide by Greenport’s 2017 approval of the company’s truckway. In its SEQR review, Greenport’s planning board neither evaluated truck volume nor considered impacts on Hudson’s waterfront, citing a lack of evidence that transportation systems would be adversely affected or that Colarusso planned to expand at the Hudson Dock. The latter claim is easily debunked by a dramatic rise in daily average truck trips from 48 in 2016 to 114 in 2019, and by Colarusso’s own estimates at a potential 284 daily maximum, more than double the 2019 volume. 
In his 2016 letter giving Lead Agency status to the Greenport Planning Board, State DEC Commissioner Basil Seggos makes clear that this status “in no way limits jurisdiction or responsibilities of other involved and interested agencies—particularly the City Planning Board.” 
Year after year, Colarusso has shown an utter disregard for the City’s concerns, refused to turn over critical truck data to the Planning Board, suing twice to prevent review, and steadfastly insisting that no public entity has the right to regulate its volume. We hope this court decision will put an end to such arrogance on the company’s part, and that the Planning Board will make decisions based on what’s best for the City, not best for Colarusso.

16 comments:

  1. Replies
    1. Care to amplify? Or like most trolls, are you just going to leave it there?

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  2. The only thing I'd add is that the letter writers have greatly underestimated the threat if one extrapolates 10, 20, and 50 years out.

    Miners think on an entirely different time-scale than the rest of humanity. Moreover, when you take a close look at Colarusso's lease agreement with Holcim (formerly named St. Lawrence Cement), understand that the city is now considering permissions which will one day benefit different owners than Colarusso Ventures.

    So what will the South Bay's future owners manage to leverage from future city mayors, Common Councils, Planning Boards, and ZBAs?

    All eventualities must be considered now, and with no time to spare.

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  3. Lew, sorry to wake you from your stupor, but the court decision was not good for Colarusso.

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    1. 1.

      Peter, after the ruling it's hard to see how the Planning Board will be able to review any conditional uses east of the railroad tracks. It's impossible to dress that up as a win.

      However, the failure of the City's attorneys to distinguish for the court between two roads - one existing and one proposed - is not insurmountable. This urges the question, can two roads and two respective reviews be rescued from the language of the state's highest court?

      Specifically, can the conditional use permit review of "dock operations" still include the "private road," an actual conditional use per the City Code which the lower court judgement (Melkonian) recognized as among the dock operations permitted for review.

      The question requires a close study of the latest ruling's conflations and/or distinctions between the actual "private road" and the merely proposed "haul road."

      Of the 21 mentions of "haul road" in the Appellate ruling, 16 of them refer to the "haul road application." Only the 5 remaining references to "haul road" are of importance in the following discussion.

      (1) Note the present tense when the judgement states that "the haul road is situated ..."

      (2) The present tense is repeated on the second page where "petitioner transports materials on a private haul road to a dock"

      The above sentence is the court's most complete conflation between the "private road," which is an enumerated conditional use in the City Code, and the merely proposed road of a second application.

      This catastrophic conflation is entirely thanks to the blundering of the City's lawyers. There's no other way to account for it.

      (3) "petitioner sought to renovate the haul road."

      Here the City's lawyers failed to specify that the proposed "haul road" is not a renovation at all, but a new road in a new place.

      (4) "[Colarusso] further sought an order declaring that respondent is precluded from requiring a supplemental environmental impact statement 'on impacts associated with the haul road.'"

      But the Planning Board's order for a supplemental environmental impact statement (SEIS) was always for the conditional use permit, and not the "haul road" application. This is made patently clear in the Board's stated reliance on the 2011 SEQRA Findings Statement which specifies that an SEIS may be appropriate at some future time when a conditional use permit is sought.

      How did Hudson's lawyers screw that point so badly?! Certainly the public was talking about it at the time, but don't get me started ...

      (5) From the ruling, "Supreme Court [Zwack] denied the motion and also declared that petitioners' haul road application before respondent is not subject to further SEQRA review."

      It's the precise meaning of latter two sentences above, numbers 4 and 5, which are now of critical importance to the Planning Board.

      To wit, is it still possible to tease apart the latest ruling's conflation between the two roads and consequently between the two reviews?

      I say that it is!!!

      (6) Elsewhere the Appellate Court cites the City's challenge to Judge Zwack's order "directing that the haul road application is not subject to further SEQRA review by the City." The Appellate Court thusly concludes that the City's "challenge is without merit (see Matter of Gordon v Rush [etc.])."

      But consider that the Code's conditional use that's identified as "a private road" has NEVER undergone a SEQRA review. That being the case, between the "impacts associated with the haul road" (#4 above); and the haul road application's "not [being] subject to further SEQRA review" (#5 above); and the Appellate Court's reference to the "Matter of Gordon v Rush" which bars second SEQRA reviews for one and the same proposals (#6 above), the Planning Board and City attorneys should confidently review the private road pursuant to SEQRA but not the haul road.

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    2. 2.

      It seems circuitous, but using our heads and applying simple logic we can see that the high court's unfounded conflations don't affect the same court's order not to require a SEQRA SEIS for the conditional use permit.

      On closer inspection, last week's ruling doesn't overturn Judge Melkonian vis-a-vis his conclusion about conditional use permits nor does it qualify the City's 2011 recommendation to pursue a SEQRA SEIS in just such circumstances.

      Nowhere is this clearer than in the Appellate Court's citation of "Gordon v Rush," a case that's meaningless outside of a Long Island municipality's actual attempt to conduct a second SEQRA review.

      For Hudson it's critical to understand that there's never been a SEQRA review on any conditional use in the C-R District, let alone for that conditional use called "a private road."

      Ergo the court's sole citation for its reasoning found at "Gordon v. Rush" has no application whatsoever for any aspect of Hudson's conditional use permit review or its SEQRA SEIS as recommended by the Common Council in 2011. In this regard, the Appellate Division ruling is fully consistent with Melkonian's judgement in 2019.

      2011 City of Hudson Common Council SEQRA Findings Statement relating to the creation of the Core Riverfront Zoning District (see pp. 14, 15, 16, 17 on recommended SEISs):

      https://cms3.revize.com/revize/hudsonny/document_center/Waterfront/821.pdf

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    3. All that really can be said about the above is that is hazardous to advance legal opinions without actually consulting with a lawyer.

      The Valley Alliance has consulted in depth with a lawyer on the topic of what Hudson’s options are for addressing the haul road application in this situation.

      We have been advised specifically about cases like this, where there is a lead agency and at least one other agency which must rule on the application.

      Greenport was the lead agency on the so-called “haul road.” But that designation, per the decision of DEC Commissioner Basil Seggos, took away none of Hudson’s rights to also render a decision on it.

      Our attorneys have advised all along that if Hudson wanted to expedite the haul road review, they could simply adopt the Greenport review’s record as their own, and then rule based upon it.

      But—crucially—Hudson is not obliged to arrive at the same findings as Greenport. Hudson has its own considerations (the Comp Plan, the LWRP, the City Code, etc.) and can point to things in the Greenport record (their review, the applications, public input) which were not given due weight in terms of Hudson.

      And then they can approve, modify or deny the application, issuing their own findings. They are not obliged to arrive at the same findings as Greenport.

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    4. ... Moreover (and again, based on years of conferring with lawyers to undersand the topic)...

      Many seem to forget that SEQR is only a *portion* of the review. Indeed, one might say that it is the secondary part of any local review.

      All applications must be found first and foremost to be compliant with the laws, codes, regulations and plans of the City of Hudson.

      SEQRA came into being because the State wanted to establish an additional layer of review on top of local compliance. It does not substitute for the local review. It was put in place decades ago mainly because so many towns and cities had substandard codes, and did not give adequate consideration to topics of concern statewide.

      It was not meant to supplant let alone diminish local concerns. It was meant to make sure there was yet another layer on top of the local one.

      In short, it is possible (albeit rare) that a project could theoretically pass muster under SEQR but be denied for failing to comply with local laws. This case might be one of those rare instance, due to the very peculiar way it has arrived on the Planning Board’s desk.

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    5. Lastly (again, well-founded in 25 years of paying lawyers):

      Regardless of how the “haul road” is settled, the Planning Board *still* has the ability to regulate and potentially deny the dock operation on its own.

      But it also has a way to bring the impacts of the haul road back into the dock review *even if the haul road were approved under duress.* Namely: Via the precepts of cumulative impact analysis and illegal segmentation.

      SEQR contains strong provisions to prevent developers from presenting their project in stages, or piecemeal, in an effort to shield the overall scope of a proposal from review.

      If the dock operation were permitted, it would activate the haul road (which serves no purpose without the dock). Therefore, an impact of allowing the dock would include all the ecological, public health, public safety, traffic, and other effects of activity on the road.

      If these are not considered as part of the scope of the dock review, then the Board would have allowed illegal segmentation to occur — and failed to consider the cumulative impacts of the project.

      Think about it this way: If someone were proposing a coal-fired power plant in one town, but the coal was delivered from a dock in the neighboring town, it would be absurd for the two activities to be treated as standalone projects. The plant can’t operate without the coal, and the dock serves no purpose without the plant.

      At some point, the whole cumulative impact of the entire project has to be considered by someone. In this case, the Hudson Planning Board has the ability to be that someone.

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    6. In all your words I think these are what matter most:

      "But it also has a way to bring the impacts of the haul road back into the dock review *even if the haul road were approved under duress.*"

      It's not as complicated as all that, though, if the Board understands that nowhere does the latest ruling bar a Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement for the conditional use permit review.

      The court does bar an SEIS for the haul road proposal, but nobody in Hudson was contesting that!

      As for lawyers, who seem to be sacred cows for some people, the only lawyer who served the Planning Board flawlessly was Ken Dow who vehemently warned against making segmentation arguments. And here we are again.

      Most lawyers are wrong about 50% of the time. Even I have a better average than that, but I was wrong about segmentation in the Greenport review, and Ken was right.

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  4. "[The] claim is easily debunked ... by Colarusso’s own estimates at a potential 284 daily maximum, more than double the 2019 volume" - Our Hudson Waterfront letter.

    Don't forget that Colarusso's truck projections were based ENTIRELY on expected barge traffic at the dock. Stupidly, no one has ever questioned it.

    Consider that barge volume is ultimately dependent on the company's business model which makes Colarusso's own barge-and-truck projections arbitrary and potentially self-serving. Plus, structural and equipment changes at the dock must be considered for all future owners, and not only restricted to what Colarusso promises are limits on its own ambitions.

    But if the Greenport Planning Board never considered barge numbers in relation to the proposed "haul road," that doesn't mean that the Hudson Planning Board should repeat that mistake when considering the application for a conditional use permit.

    Ultimately, this is all about the world's finest raw material for cement lying beneath stone that's now only used for gravel.

    Because the Becraft limestone formation will probably define Hudson's future (and that's because Becraft stone is "every cement producer’s desire" [see #2]), a sober appraisal of the entire picture the Planning Board is now facing requires some education on the subject.

    1. "Becraft Formation" at Wikipedia:

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Becraft_Formation

    2. "Economic Geology of the Central Hudson Valley, New York" (2019):

    https://www.nysga-online.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/NYSGA-2009-6.-Economic-Geology-of-the-Central-Hudson-Valley-New-York.pdf

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  5. For anyone who is thinking, “I don’t care how many trucks go through the South Bay, I’m not a turtle...” You’re fooling yourself if you think this won’t impact your life, too.

    Those hundreds of daily truck trips would also foul things up at four key chokepoints:

    * Route 9 leaving or entering Hudson via Worth Avenue;

    * The Amtrak rail crossing, which is also currently the only entrance to the Waterfront;


    * Route 9G leaving or entering Hudson via 3rd Street;

    * The stretch of Front Street which is the only access to the Basilica, and the main entrance to the former L&B Warehouse;

    So be prepared to wait every time you leave or enter Hudson on Worth Avenue/Route 9 every few minutes at peak hours... Without a stop light.

    Have fun as people who already have a problem going the speed limit downhill past Mount Merino, and scream to a halt as a truck straddles 9G... Again, without a stop light.

    Be prepared for cars and trucks backed up on either side of the Front Street rail crossing, blocking access to the Waterfront, Basilica and the Warehouse.

    And that’s not even getting into the fugitive dust, exhaust, noise, barge traffic and other impacts on the 1st Ward and Waterfront park.

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    1. All true!

      And what's the limit on barges mentioned in Sam's final paragraph?

      Barge numbers, which the company admits will determine its truck numbers, are a significant consideration for a conditional use permit. The subject was never addressed by the Planning Board. (How is that even possible except in Hudson?!)

      The public alone has discussed potential barge numbers since the otherwise unnecessary creation of the barge-friendly revetment (I refer to the pre-revetment assessment of the DEC field inspector: "unnecessary").

      The failure to consider barge traffic for a conditional use permit is yet another years-long failure of the Hudson Planning Board.

      Nobody on the Planning Board will have any idea what this comment means. Good luck, Hudson.

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  6. One would hope that in considering the Colarusso application the Planning Board would have an opportunity to thoroughly examine what would happen if approved. For 300 years local residents have enjoyed free passage on both of the major highways leading into Hudson from the south. The Colarusso proposal would create two new right-angle intersections on 9 & 9G, which will be dangerous and surely create congestion and delays. It's not clear why the City would want to concede so much to one firm, especially given that the Colarusso mess on the waterfront comes with zero upside for those of us in Hudson.

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    1. And who comes after Colarusso?

      I remember how shocked everyone was, self-included, when Colarusso bought the property in 2014. We had inklings that Holcim was selling, but the entire LWRP was tailor-made for Holcim with no consideration of anyone coming after.

      Colarusso proved the danger of such short-term thinking by totally ignoring the LWRP laws memorialized in the Code.

      Ever since, and right up to last week's Appellate ruling, Colarusso's principal attorney Privitera has explained our own laws back to us in completely self-serving fashion. I'd never have believed it but he's been successful.

      The company has successfully conflated the real road and the proposed road to confuse the city and to confuse the courts.

      Unless the Planning Board insists on the distinction between "private" and "haul" roads, the future miners of Becraft Portland cement - and not Colarusso - will be the beneficiaries of the Planning Board's immanent decision(s).

      But does anyone care about the future of Hudson? Why does no one ever include the decades to come in their deliberations?

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  7. Peter: Not only zero upside, but massive downside, and not just environmental. While the Colarusso plan will deliver few if any new jobs for Hudson, it will also undermine any other development that will. As the letter points out, gravel transport and loading will literally define the Hudson waterfront. Unheimlich: Look at the climate crisis. Among humans, caring about the future is not a species strong point.

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